What is the function of a gasket?

A gasket is a static sealing element placed between two stationary surfaces, most commonly flange faces in pipelines or valve connections. Its main function is to fill microscopic surface irregularities and create a leak-tight seal when compressed.

In industrial systems, gaskets must withstand a combination of internal pressure, temperature fluctuations, chemical exposure, and mechanical stress from bolt loading. Unlike dynamic seals, gaskets remain stationary but must maintain integrity over long service periods without creep, relaxation, or blowout.

Proper gasket selection is essential for ensuring system safety, preventing product loss, and maintaining compliance with pressure vessel and piping codes such as ASME B16.20 and EN standards.