Magpie Sealing Technology Insights
Flanges and Gaskets – Non-metallic Gasket Forms (Part 2): Base Materials for Non-metallic Gaskets
In the broad classification of gaskets, non-metallic gaskets stand out for their diverse forms, thanks to the unique composition of their base materials. These gaskets are engineered to meet the demands of various industrial applications through tailored performance characteristics.
These gaskets are primarily composed of mineral materials such as asbestos, glass fibers, and ceramics. Known for their high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength, they are widely used in harsh industrial environments involving heat and aggressive chemicals.
Rubber-based gaskets utilize both natural rubber (NR) and various synthetic rubbers. Common types include:
Nitrile rubber (NBR): excellent oil resistance
Chloroprene rubber (CR): good weathering and ozone resistance
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR): cost-effective and abrasion-resistant
Fluorocarbon rubber (FPM/Viton): high chemical and heat resistance
Silicone rubber (VMQ): outstanding low- and high-temperature flexibility
EPDM rubber: strong resistance to weather, ozone, and chemicals
These gaskets are suitable for a broad range of industrial conditions due to their diverse functional properties.
Made from materials such as virgin PTFE (v-PTFE), expanded PTFE (e-PTFE), and filled PTFE (f-PTFE), these gaskets offer:
- Exceptional chemical resistance
- High thermal stability
- Non-stick properties
They are ideal for clean environments and applications requiring excellent chemical compatibility.
This category includes flexible graphite (also known as expanded graphite), carbon fiber, and graphite fiber gaskets. These materials are valued for:
- High thermal and electrical conductivity
- Excellent wear resistance
They are indispensable in high-temperature, high-pressure, and electrically insulating applications.
These gaskets are composed of elastomer materials (rubber or plastic) reinforced with short fibers. The fibers can be inorganic (such as asbestos or mineral wool) or organic (including carbon or graphite fibers). The fiber reinforcement enhances mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, making them suitable for applications with significant mechanical stress.
Each type of non-metallic gasket brings its own strengths and application scope. Proper selection requires a comprehensive assessment of the working environment, the nature of the medium, and the desired sealing performance.
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